
How 100,000 Inuit – just a third of a percent of the overall population – redrew the map of Canada, and regained substantial control over their destiny along the way
While half a world away, the Inuit of the chilly Arctic region have much to teach the stateless peoples of the world as they seek to re-empower themselves, whether through formal state sovereignty or enhanced economic, cultural and political rights within a constitutional structure imposed by others on a traditional homeland. For the Shan, who once ruled a vast kingdom but whose homeland now stands divided and occupied by Burmese, Chinese, Thai, Lao and Vietnamese, the Inuit – who are themselves divided by states created by non-Inuit and imposed through colonial expansion and war, with the Americans, Canadians, Danish and Russian occupying their once isolated and equally vast homeland – present some intriguing lessons for restoring rights and regaining greater autonomy and control over their destiny. Numbering only 150,000 worldwide, the Inuit were greatly outnumbered and had to be especially creative (and patient) in their approach to asymmetrical conflict; the Shan, numbering in the tens of millions, have greater demographic power and can thus better defend their sovereignty – but if they choose to expand their rights, freedoms and opportunities as part of Burma (and across the border, Thailand, China, Laos and beyond), and not as an independent state, the Inuit experience offers an intriguing template for cultural liberation without full political sovereignty.